Three United Nations observers and a translator have been wounded by shelling in Rmeish, southern Lebanon, the UN peacekeeping mission said.
Lebanon's state news agency reported that an Israeli drone strike was behind the explosion, but the Israeli military denied it was responsible.
The UN mission, Unifil, said those hurt were receiving treatment and that it was investigating the blast's origin.
It comes after rising tensions along the unofficial Israel-Lebanon border.
In a statement, Unifil said a shell had exploded near the group who had been on a foot patrol along the UN-demarcated Blue Line that divides southern Lebanon from Israel.
It described the targeting of peacekeepers as "unacceptable".
Unifil spokesman Andrea Tenenti told the BBC that locations deeper inside Lebanon were increasingly being chosen as targets, which "could potentially trigger a much wider conflict".
No details have been given about the nationality of the observers or their condition. The Lebanese translator is reported to be stable.
Lebanon's state run National News Agency said Israeli "enemy drones" raided the area in southern Lebanon where the observers were wounded.
Israel's military denied this, saying in a statement: "Contrary to the reports, the IDF [Israel Defense Forces] did not strike a Unifil vehicle in the area of Rmeish this morning."
In recent days, tensions have again picked up along the unofficial border between Israel and Lebanon, with casualties on both sides.
Mr Tenenti from Unifil told the BBC's Newshour programme that targeted and lethal shelling was now happening "pretty far away from the Blue Line" in Lebanon.
Israel and the armed group Hezbollah trade almost daily strikes across the border, which began with the start of the Israel-Gaza war following the 7 October Hamas attack on Israel.
Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shia Muslim militant group with close ties to Iran and an ally of Hamas.
On Friday, Israel's Defence Minister Yoav Gallant said the IDF would increase its attacks against the group in Lebanon, "shifting from repelling to actively pursuing Hezbollah".
"Wherever they are hiding we will reach them," he said.
Meanwhile, Israel has come under pressure from the US after it said it "cannot support" an anticipated large-scale ground offensive in Rafah on Gaza's border with Egypt, where there are more than a million displaced people.
US President Joe Biden's administration has been raising concerns about rising civilian deaths in Gaza and humanitarian access to the territory, which the UN says is on the verge of famine.
On Saturday, the IDF admitted killing two Palestinian men and burying their bodies with a bulldozer in "two different incidents" in Gaza.
It comes after Al Jazeera published an edited video purportedly showing the incident on Wednesday. The BBC has not independently verified the video.
The Israeli military said the two men approached their forces "in a suspicious manner" and did not respond to a warning shot.
They were killed and buried with a bulldozer over concerns the men carried explosives, the IDF added.
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