A former babysitter pleaded guilty to manslaughter on Wednesday for the 2019 death of a man she was accused of disabling as an infant 40 years ago.

Terry McKirchy, 62, accepted a plea deal for the death of Benjamin Dowling, who died at 35 after a life of severe disabilities caused by a brain hemorrhage he suffered in 1984 when he was 5 months old and was at McKirchy's suburban Fort Lauderdale home. Investigators believed she caused the injury by shaking him.

In a letter of apology read to Dowling's parents by her attorney, assistant public defender David Fry, she said that she was feeling overwhelmed and exhausted by taking care of numerous children and struck him, causing his injuries.

McKirchy, who now lives in Sugar Land, Texas, was indicted with first-degree murder by a Broward County grand jury three years ago after an autopsy concluded Dowling died from his decades-old injuries. He never crawled, walked, talked or fed himself, his family has said.

McKirchy, who had been facing a life sentence, voluntarily entered the Broward County Jail on May 29 after having been free on $100,000 bail since shortly after her indictment.

This isn't the first time McKirchy has taken a deal in connection with Dowling's injuries, receiving an exceptionally light sentence after pleading no contest to attempted murder in 1985.

Then six months pregnant with her third child and facing 12 to 17 years in prison, she was sentenced to weekends in jail until giving birth. She was then freed and put on probation for three years.

Even then, she insisted she was innocent, telling reporters at the time that her "conscience is clear." She said then that she took the deal because she wanted to put the case behind her and be with her children.

He 'could never tell others'

At the time, prosecutors called the sentence "therapeutic" but didn't explain. Ryal Gaudiosi, then McKirchy's public defender, called the sentence "fair under the circumstances." He died in 2009.

Rae and Joe Dowling had been married four years when Benjamin was born Jan. 13, 1984. Both Dowlings worked, so they hired McKirchy, then 22, to babysit him at her home.

Rae Dowling told investigators that when she picked up Benjamin from McKirchy on July 3, 1984, his body was limp and his fists were clenched. She rushed him to the hospital, where doctors concluded he had suffered a brain hemorrhage from severe shaking. McKirchy was arrested within days.

The Dowlings told reporters in 1985 they were stunned when prosecutors told them minutes before a court hearing of the plea deal McKirchy would receive.

The Dowlings said in a 2021 statement that Benjamin endured several surgeries in his life, including having metal rods placed along his spine. He got nourishment through a feeding tube and attended rehab and special schools. The Dowlings had two more children and would take Benjamin to their games and performances. The family moved to Florida's Gulf Coast in the late 1990s. He died at their home on Sept. 16, 2019.

"Benjamin would never know how much he was loved and could never tell others of his love for them," they said. "Benjamin did smile when he was around his family, although he could never verbalize anything, we believe he knew who we were and that we were working hard to help him."

'Abusive head trauma'

Shaken baby syndrome first gained national attention in the 1970s as an explanation for the sudden deaths of infants and young children who had no outward signs of abuse. It would be diagnosed if the child had swelling of the brain, bleeding on the brain's surface and bleeding behind the retinas.

But over the past 25 years, research has shown that those symptoms can also be caused by genetic problems, disease and accidents. Some researchers even question whether those injuries would be caused by shaking. The University of Michigan's National Registry of Exonerations lists 29 shaken baby convictions that have been overturned since 2000.

"While there is no question that shaking is abusive, there is a question over whether that type of abuse causes the type of injuries that have long been associated with it," said Katherine Judson, executive director of the Center for Integrity in Forensic Sciences.

Judson, a former defense attorney, said that in the 1980s when McKirchy was charged, there was little a lawyer could do for their defendant if the doctors said the child had been shaken.

"Those cases used to be such slam dunks," Judson said. Today, she said, police investigations into possible shaken baby cases are much more thorough than they were when McKirchy was first charged. For one, there would be testing for genetic illnesses that could explain the hemorrhage.

The American Academy of Pediatrics, which now uses the term "abusive head trauma," says about 1 in 3,000 babies under age 1 are abused annually by shaking and about a quarter of those are fatally injured.

It says doctors should be alert to bruising of the torso, ears and neck in children under 4 years old and any bruising in infants younger than 4 months as signs of possible shaking.